Miyezo Yomangamanga Yamapangidwe Azitsulo (Mafelemu Achitsulo)

1. Chitsulo Chokwezera Chowonadi (Kuwerengera Kukweza)

I. Chithunzi Chokweza

Membala:Mtengo wachitsulo H500×200×10×16, Utali L = 12.0 m

Malo Okwezera:Khalani pa L / 4 kuchokera kumapeto kulikonse kwa mtengo

Sling angle:α ≈ 60 °

II. Kuwerengera Katundu

1. Kulemera kwa Beam:
G = ρ × V = 78.5 kN/m³ × 0.212 m³/m × 12.0 m = 199.9 kN

2. Dynamic Load Factor:Pezani 1.1

3. Kulemera kwa Slings:Zonyalanyazidwa (zosasamala)

4. Katundu Wathunthu Wokweza:
P = G × 1.1 = 219.9 kN

5. Kuvuta kwa Sling (Katundu Woyenera):
T = P / (2 × cos α) = 219.9 / (2 × cos 60°) = 219.9 kN

III. Sling Safety Check

1. Mtundu wa Sling:φ20 chingwe chachitsulo chachitsulo, katundu wosweka Fb = 360 kN

2. Chitetezo (n):
n = Fb / T = 360 / 219.9 = 1.64> 1.25

Imakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse!

Onani Mapeto:
Ntchito yokweza ndi yotetezeka ndipo imakwaniritsa zofunikira za code.

Miyezo Yothandizira

• Khodi Yamapangidwe a Zitsulo (GB 50755-2012)

• Khodi Yaukadaulo Yachitetezo cha Kukwezedwa ndi Kukwezera mu Ntchito Yomanga (JGJ 276-2012)

Mfundo Zachitetezo:

1. Yang'anani mtengo wachitsulo, zingwe zamawaya, ndi zida zonyamulira musananyamule kuti muwonetsetse kuti ndi zotetezeka komanso zodalirika.

2. Perekani munthu wodzipereka kuti atsogolere njira yokwezera. Palibe amene angayime pansi pa mtengo wokwezedwa.

3. Siyani kukweza ntchito nthawi yomweyo mphepo ikafika pa Level 6 kapena kupitilira apo.

2. Kuyika ndi Kuyang'ana Kwazitsulo zachitsulo - Kuyika kwachitsulo chachitsulo

Kwezani mtengo wachitsulo pamalo omwe mwakonzekera, kenako fufuzani ndikuvomereza zolumikizira kuti muwonetsetse kuti kuyika kwake kumakwaniritsa zofunikira zamapangidwe.

[Tag yoyika pa Column: Kuwunika Kuyika kwa Beam Beam | Dzina la Ntchito: Msonkhano #1 | Tsiku Loyendera | Woyang'anira]

3. Kuyika ndi Kuyang'ana kwa Steel Frame - Kuyika kwa Steel Roof Truss

1. Kuyerekeza kwa 3D BIM:Tsanzirani kuyika kwa chitsulo padenga kuti muwonjezere dongosolo lokwezera komanso dongosolo loyika.

2. Kukweza Padenga:Gwiritsani ntchito crane yagalimoto kuti mukweze truss ndikuyiyika pang'onopang'ono pamalo pomwe mukuisunga bwino.

3. Kuyika & Kukonza kwakanthawi:Pambuyo pa denga la denga, litetezeni kwa kanthawi ndikusintha malo ake ndi kutalika kwake (kukwera).

4. Kulumikiza kwa Bolt Kwamphamvu Kwambiri:Limbikitsani ma bolts amphamvu kwambiri malinga ndi malamulo apangidwe kuti muwonetsetse kugwirizana kolimba.

5. Kuyang'anira Kuyika:Yang'anani kutalika kwa truss, kutalika, kupindika (kupatuka), ndi kulunjika koyima kuti muwonetsetse kuti zikugwirizana ndi code.

6. Mbiri Yoyendera:Pambuyo pochita kuyendera, lembani fomu yolembera ndikupita ku sitepe yotsatira yomanga.

Steel Roof Truss Installation Inspection Record

Ntchito Yoyendera	Cholakwika Chololedwa (mm)	Kuyezedwa (mm)	Onani Zotsatira
Kutalika Kwambiri (L)	±10	—	√ (Pass)
Kutalika kwa Truss (Kukwezeka)	±5	—	√ (Pass)
Kupindika kwa Truss (Kutembenuka)	L / 750	—	√ (Pass)
Kuyitanira kwa Truss Vertical	H / 1000	—	√ (Pass)
Udindo Wothandizira	±5	—	√ (Pass)
Mphamvu Yapamwamba ya Bolt Torque	Imakwaniritsa zofunikira zamapangidwe	—	√ (Pass)

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zowongolera:

Yang'anani mbali zonse zachitsulo zomwe zikubwera pamalowa kuti mutsimikizire mtundu wawo, kukula kwake, ndi mtundu wa weld;
Gwiritsani ntchito ndondomeko yokwezeka yotetezeka komanso yothandiza kuti mutsimikizire kukweza chitetezo;
Sinthani ndi kukonza truss atangoyiyika pamalo;
Limbitsani mabawuti onse amphamvu kwambiri ndikuyesa torque yawo molingana ndi code;
Yang'anani kwathunthu kuti muwonetsetse kuti choyikacho chikukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zamapangidwe ndi ma code.

4. Kuyika ndi Kuyang'ana kwa Zitsulo zachitsulo - Kuyika kwa Beam Kuyika

Zithunzi Zochotsedwa:Choyika Chapamwamba Kumanzere: Mawonedwe a 3D BIM | Pansi-Kumanzere: Chongani Choyika | Chithunzi Chachikulu: Cholumikizira Chapamwamba, Mtsinje Wachitsulo Wokhazikika (Diagonal Brace), Cholumikizira Cholumikizira Chapansi

Kuyika ndi Kuyang'ana kwa Zitsulo zachitsulo - Kuyika kwa Beam Yokhazikika

1. Cheketsani Kuyikiratu:Yang'anani nambala ya gawo, kukula, malo a bolt bolt, ndi njira yolumikizira mbale. Onetsetsani kuti malo olumikiziranawo ndi athyathyathya, aukhondo, komanso opanda ma burrs kapena mafuta.

2. Kukweza ndi Kuyika:Gwiritsani ntchito mfundo ziwiri zokwezera kuti mukweze mtandawo pang'onopang'ono m'malo mwake. Konzani kwakanthawi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zolumikizira zam'mwamba ndi zam'munsi zikugwirizana bwino ndi chitsulo ndi mtengo.

3. Kuyanjanitsa ndi Kusintha:Sinthani malo apakati, kutalika, ndi kulunjika kwa mtengo wokhotakhota kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zamapangidwe. Malizitsani kulumikizana kosatha mutatha kuyanjanitsa.

4. Njira yolumikizirana:Lumikizanani ndi mabawuti amphamvu kwambiri. Amangitsani mofanana kuchokera pakati kupita ku mbali zonse ziwiri monga momwe kapangidwe kake kakufunira, ndipo lembani bawuti iliyonse mukamaliza kukanika komaliza.

5. Kuyang'anira Kuyika:Yang'anani malo apakati, kutalika, kulunjika, kulimba kwa mbale, ndi kulimba kwa bawuti. Chilichonse chiyenera kukwaniritsa Khodi Yovomereza Zomangamanga Zamapangidwe a Zitsulo (GB 50205).

5. Kuyika ndi Kuunika kwazitsulo zachitsulo - Kuyika kwachitsulo chachitsulo

1. Onani Maziko:Onani ngati malo a bawuti, kutalika kwa maziko, ndi kukula kwa maziko akukwaniritsa zofunikira zamapangidwe.

2. Kuwona Kuyanjanitsa Koyima:Gwiritsani ntchito siteshoni yonse, chubu cha laser, kapena mulingo wowongoka kuti muwone momwe chitsulo chachitsulo chikuwongoka (molunjika).

3. Onani Ubwino wa Lumikizidwe:Onani ngati mabawuti amphamvu kwambiri, ma welds, ndi mbale zolumikizira zikukwaniritsa zofunikira.

Ntchito Yomanga:1. Ntchito Yokonzekera → 2. Kwezani & Ikani Mzere Wachitsulo → 3. Ikani & Chitetezo → 4. Kuyang'ana & Kuvomereza

6. Kuyika kwa Zitsulo zachitsulo - Kuyika kwa Truss Structure (Chithunzi cha 3D BIM)

Mayendedwe Oyika:Kafukufuku & Kuyika Chizindikiro → Chongani Chothandizira → Kwezani & Malo → Kukonzekera Kwakanthawi → Kuyanjanitsa & Kusintha → Kulumikiza kwa Bolt Wamphamvu Kwambiri → Kuwotcherera (ngati kuli kofunikira)

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zoyikira:

Musananyamule, yang'anani kawiri mzere wothandizira, kutalika, ndi malo ophatikizidwa;
Gwirizanitsani zingwe zolondolera mphepo (ma tagline) pokweza kuti chitsulocho chisasunthike;
Sinthani ndikuteteza kwakanthawi truss mutangoyiyika kuti mupewe kupindika kapena kupotoza;
Kulumikizana kwa bawuti kwamphamvu kwambiri kuyenera kutsata malamulo apangidwe ndi ma code ndikumangirira ku torque yofunikira;
Ubwino wa weld uyenera kukwaniritsa malamulo omwe ali mu Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Steel Structures (GB 50205).

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zoyendera (Zithunzi za Tsamba):

1. Support & Joint Chongani

Yang'anani malo ndi kutalika kwa mabawuti othandizira, mbale za shim, ndi magawo ophatikizidwa kuti muwonetsetse kuti akukwaniritsa zofunikira zamapangidwe.

2. Chongani Cholumikizira Cholumikizira

Gwiritsani ntchito siteshoni yonse kuti muyese pakati, kutalika, ndi kupindika kwa truss, ndikusintha masinthidwe.

3. Yang'anani Bolt Yamphamvu Kwambiri

Yang'anani chiwerengero, kukula, ndi torque ya mabawuti amphamvu kwambiri, ndipo yesaninso monga momwe ma code amafunira.

Zindikirani:Mapangidwe a truss mu pulojekitiyi amasonkhanitsidwa kale mufakitale ndikukwezedwa m'magawo omwe ali pamalopo kuti atsimikizire kukhazikitsidwa kolondola, khalidwe, ndi chitetezo.

7. Chitsulo chachitsulo & Profiled Metal Roof Sheet Kuyika ndi Kuyendera

Kuyika ndi Kuyang'anira Mafelemu a Steel

(Zolemba: Kukwezera Beam, Kuyimika, Maboti Amphamvu Kwambiri, Chowonadi Chowona ndi Kutalika, Kuwunika Kwabwino Kophatikizana)

1. Kuwona Gawo Lolowera:Yang'anani momwe zinthu zilili, kukula kwake, momwe zilili pamtunda, ndi kuwongoka. Kukhazikitsa pokhapokha atadutsa anayendera.

2. Kuwongolera Njira:Yang'anirani kayimidwe kagawo, kutalika, kuyimirira, ndi kulimbitsa bawuti pakuyika.

3. Zinthu Zoyendera:Malo apakati, kutalika, kuyanjanitsa koyima, kusalala kwapamtunda, ndi mtundu wa kulumikizana kwa bawuti.

4. Mulingo Wabwino:Ayenera kukwaniritsa Khodi Yovomereza Zomangamanga Zamapangidwe a Zitsulo (GB 50205-2020).

Kuyika ndi Kuyang'ana kwa Metal Roof Sheet

(Zolemba: Mapepala a Zitsulo za Padenga, Kulumikizana kwa Lap, Kukonza Zomanga Pamodzi, Kuwongolera Kung'anima)

1. Onani Zinthu:Yang'anani mbiri yapanja, makulidwe, zokutira, ndi mtundu. Gwiritsani ntchito pokhapokha mutadutsa kuyendera.

2. Malamulo oyika:Phatikizani mapanelo molondola ndikuwongolera mwamphamvu. Sungani zomata motalikirana ndi malire, popanda zomangira zosoweka kapena zosokera.

3. Zinthu Zoyendera:Denga lathyathyathya, kuphatikizika m'lifupi, kutalikirana kwa malo okhazikika, ndi mfundo zoletsa madzi.

4. Mulingo Wabwino:Ayenera kukumana ndi Technical Code for Metal Roof Engineering (GB 50345-2012).

8. Kuyika ndi Kuyang'ana Kwazitsulo zachitsulo - Masitepe achitsulo ndi Kuyika kwa Handrail

1. Masitepe Achitsulo Omalizidwa Ndi Manja (Chithunzi Patsamba)

2. 3D BIM Model (Masitepe achitsulo ndi Manja)

3. Kuyika masitepe achitsulo (Site Work)

4. Kuyika kwa Handrail (Ntchito ya Patsamba)

5. Kuyang'anira Ubwino Woyika (Chongani Tsamba)

Malangizo:

Musanakhazikitse masitepe achitsulo ndi ma handrails, onaninso miyeso ya chigawocho, kutalika, ndi mizere yapakati;
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma bawuti, yang'anani kukula kwa bawuti, kuchuluka kwake, ndi torque kuti muwonetsetse kuti pali kulumikizana kolimba;
Zomangamanga zoyikapo ziyenera kukhala zolimba komanso zowongoka, zokhala ndi zowotcherera zonse komanso zosalala zomwe zimakwaniritsa mapangidwe ndi ma code;
Chitani kuyendera kwaubwino mukatha kukhazikitsa ndikudzaza zolemba zowunikira kuti muwonetsetse kuti ntchitoyo ndi yabwino.

Kapangidwe kachitsuloesamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika wamasiku ano womanga kuti amange mafelemu omangira, ndipo adzakhala chisankho chachikulu pazomangamanga zoyambira mtsogolo. Zomangamanga zachitsulo zili ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono, mitundu yamapangidwe, ndi mitundu yamagulu. Kutengera ndi kamangidwe kake, amagawidwa m'mitundu ikuluikulu inayi: mafelemu a portal, ma grid grids, trusses, ndi frame frames.